by Robert Dailey

Lismore Castle has it all - a spectacular setting, stunning gardens and sculptures by some of the best sculptors in Europe.

The site of Lismore Castle has been occupied at least since 633, when St. Carthage founded a monastery there. A former home of Prince John (son of King Henry II), Sir Walter Raleigh and Richard Boyle first Earl of Cork, the Castle is currently owned by Lord Harrington, the 11th Duke of Devonshire.

The garden is divided into two parts: the Upper Garden, established around 1620 by the Earl of Cork and his gardener, John; and the Lower Garden, laid out by the sixth Duke of Devonshire circa 1850.

The sixth Duke of Devonshire was a friend of Dickens, Thackeray and of Sir Joseph Paxton, who joined the duke as head gardener. Paxton, a botanist, inventor, engineer and architect, played the leading role in creating Lismore Castle and the lower grounds much as they are now.

In this Lower Garden, the visitor can view Camellias, Rhododendrons and magnificent Magnolias. Of particular interest is the large Rhododendron tree, astounding in height and breadth.

As one enters the garden, along a stone wall, there is a variety of Roses: Francis E. Lester, Bobbie James, Rambling Rector and R. Filipes 'Kiftsgate.' A few steps from the wall is an avenue of yews. On the south end of the yew avenue, the bronze figure of a man stands, entitled 'Learning to be I,' by the British artist, Anthony Gormley.

Below the east wing of the Castle, a steep bank has been planted with Buddleia and Viburnum.

There are several sculptures in the lower garden. 'Wrapt' and 'Over and 'Under Series IV' by Ellis O'Connell (1953- ), 'Learning to be I'? by Anthony Gormley (1950- ) and Metamorphosis Bronze by Marzia Colonna.

Entry to the Upper Garden is gained by wooden stairs through the Gate House, also known as the Riding House.

The Gate House door opens out into an orchard of Apple and Quince. The Central Walk, which is laid out between green plants backed by Yew hedges. At the top of the terrace, one can see the large vegetable and herb gardens. Most of the garden is laid out on the Earl of Cork's foundations built in 1620.

While here, make sure you climb to the southwest tower. Known as Broghill Tower, it gives a commanding view of the countryside. To the north east, view over the Castle roofs to the Blackwater River. You may see fishermen along the river. To the south from the tower is Lismore town.

Continue walking toward the north-western end of the upper terrace and you will find Sir Joseph Paxton's vinery greenhouse. Paxton invented ridge and furrow roofs. The greenhouse is currently used for propagating shrubs and hardy plants to furnish the rest of the garden.

Sculptures in the upper garden include 'Hunting Bird,' a bronze by Bridget McCrum, ARBS; 'Moonbeam'? in Carrera marble by Simon Thomas, (1951- ); 'Warrior Head,' in Purbeck stone by Emily Young, (1951- ); and 'The Irishman,' bronze, by Edwin Whitney Smith, (1880-1952).

Plan to spend several hours touring the gardens. More time if you just want to relax on one of the many vantage points or in some of the secluded spots and simply take in the views.

Cost of touring the gardens is €6.50 for adults, €3 for children under 16, €5.50 for Groups (adults+20). Cost for children's groups (+20) is €2.50. These rates are applicable only during normal opening hours. The gardens are open from April 15 through October 1 daily from 13:45 to 16:45. During high season the gardens open at 11 a.m. there is free and ample parking, and toilets.

If you wish to visit the Lismore Castle website, click here. Address is Lismore Castle Gardens, Lismore, Co. Waterford, Ireland. Telephone +353 (0)58 54424. Fax is +353 (0)5854896.